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Araguaian river dolphin
The Araguaian river dolphin or Araguaian boto〔 (''Inia araguaiaensis'') is a South American river dolphin population whose identification as a species distinct from the Amazon river dolphin (''Inia geoffrensis'') was announced in 2014. It is native to the Araguaia–Tocantins basin of Brazil.
As of October 2014, ''I. araguaiaensis'' is not recognized as a separate species by the Society for Marine Mammalogy. Their Committee on Taxonomy made these comments regarding the decision to not include ''I. araguaiaensis'' as an independent species: "''Inia araguaiaensis'', was described by Hrbek et al. (2014). However, this study only examined samples from two extremes of the distribution of ''Inia'' so is it unclear if the molecular differences observed represented real species-level separation or were due to sampling from two locations separated by a large distance. Diagnostic osteological differences were also reported. However, because this was based on the examination of very few specimens (only 2 for the new species and only 9 for ''I. geoffrensis''), the authors’ conclusions are very concerning."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=List of Marine Mammal Species & Subspecies )〕
==Discovery==
The recognition of ''I. araguaiaensis'' as a separate species was announced on January 22, 2014. It was distinguished from other members of ''Inia'' on the basis of nuclear microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA data as well as differences in skull morphology (it generally has a wider skull). It also differs from the Amazon and Bolivian river dolphins in the number of teeth per hemimandible (24–28 versus 25–29 and 31–35, respectively). It is the first new river dolphin species to be described since 1918.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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